Deuteronomy Chapter 22
Other Translations
asv (asv) - eBible.org engASV USFM
1
but the women, and the little ones, and the cattle, and all that is in the city, even all the spoil thereof, shalt thou take for a prey unto thyself; and thou shalt eat the spoil of thine enemies, which Jehovah thy God hath given thee.
2
Thus shalt thou do unto all the cities which are very far off from thee, which are not of the cities of these nations.
3
But of the cities of these peoples, that Jehovah thy God giveth thee for an inheritance, thou shalt save alive nothing that breatheth;
4
but thou shalt utterly destroy them: the Hittite, and the Amorite, the Canaanite, and the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite; as Jehovah thy God hath commanded thee;
5
that they teach you not to do after all their abominations, which they have done unto their gods; so would ye sin against Jehovah your God.
6
When thou shalt besiege a city a long time, in making war against it to take it, thou shalt not destroy the trees thereof by wielding an axe against them; for thou mayest eat of them, and thou shalt not cut them down; for is the tree of the field man, that it should be besieged of thee?
7
Only the trees of which thou knowest that they are not trees for food, thou shalt destroy and cut them down; and thou shalt build bulwarks against the city that maketh war with thee, until it fall.
8
If one be found slain in the land which Jehovah thy God giveth thee to possess it, lying in the field, and it be not known who hath smitten him;
9
then thy elders and thy judges shall come forth, and they shall measure unto the cities which are round about him that is slain:
10
and it shall be, that the city which is nearest unto the slain man, even the elders of that city shall take a heifer of the herd, which hath not been wrought with, and which hath not drawn in the yoke;
11
and the elders of that city shall bring down the heifer unto a valley with running water, which is neither plowed nor sown, and shall break the heifer’s neck there in the valley.
12
And the priests the sons of Levi shall come near; for them Jehovah thy God hath chosen to minister unto him, and to bless in the name of Jehovah; and according to their word shall every controversy and every stroke be.
13
And all the elders of that city, who are nearest unto the slain man, shall wash their hands over the heifer whose neck was broken in the valley;
14
and they shall answer and say, Our hands have not shed this blood, neither have our eyes seen it.
15
Forgive, O Jehovah, thy people Israel, whom thou hast redeemed, and suffer not innocent blood
16
to remain in the midst of thy people Israel. And the blood shall be forgiven them.
17
So shalt thou put away the innocent blood from the midst of thee, when thou shalt do that which is right in the eyes of Jehovah.
18
When thou goest forth to battle against thine enemies, and Jehovah thy God delivereth them into thy hands, and thou carriest them away captive,
19
and seest among the captives a beautiful woman, and thou hast a desire unto her, and wouldest take her to thee to wife;
20
then thou shalt bring her home to thy house; and she shall shave her head, and pare her nails;
21
and she shall put the raiment of her captivity from off her, and shall remain in thy house, and bewail her father and her mother a full month: and after that thou shalt go in unto her, and be her husband, and she shall be thy wife.
22
And it shall be, if thou have no delight in her, then thou shalt let her go whither she will; but thou shalt not sell her at all for money, thou shalt not deal with her as a slave, because thou hast humbled her.
23
If a man have two wives, the one beloved, and the other hated, and they have borne him children, both the beloved and the hated; and if the first-born son be hers that was hated;
24
then it shall be, in the day that he causeth his sons to inherit that which he hath, that he may not make the son of the beloved the first-born before the son of the hated, who is the first-born:
25
but he shall acknowledge the first-born, the son of the hated, by giving him a double portion of all that he hath; for he is the beginning of his strength; the right of the first-born is his.
26
If a man have a stubborn and rebellious son, that will not obey the voice of his father, or the voice of his mother, and, though they chasten him, will not hearken unto them;
27
then shall his father and his mother lay hold on him, and bring him out unto the elders of his city, and unto the gate of his place;
28
and they shall say unto the elders of his city, This our son is stubborn and rebellious, he will not obey our voice; he is a glutton, and a drunkard.
29
And all the men of his city shall stone him to death with stones: so shalt thou put away the evil from the midst of thee; and all Israel shall hear, and fear.
30
And if a man have committed a sin worthy of death, and he be put to death, and thou hang him on a tree;
darby (darby) - eBible.org Darby 1890 plaintext
1
Thou shalt not see thy brother's ox or his sheep go astray, and hide thyself from them: thou shalt in any case bring them back unto thy brother.
2
And if thy brother be not near unto thee, and thou know him not, then thou shalt bring it unto thy house, and it shall be with thee until thy brother seek after it, and thou shalt restore it unto him.
3
And so shalt thou do with his ass; and so shalt thou do with his clothing; and so shalt thou do with everything that is lost of thy brother, which he loseth, and thou findest: thou mayest not hide thyself.
4
Thou shalt not see thy brother's ass or his ox fall by the way, and hide thyself from them: thou shalt in any case [help] him to lift them up.
5
There shall not be a man's apparel on a woman, neither shall a man put on a woman's clothing; for whoever doeth so is an abomination to Jehovah thyGod.
6
If a bird's nest chance to be before thee in the way, in any tree, or upon the ground, with young or with eggs, and the dam sitting upon the young or upon the eggs, thou shalt not take the dam with the young:
7
thou shalt in any case let the dam go, and thou mayest take the young to thee, that it may be well with thee, and that thou mayest prolong thy days.
8
When thou buildest a new house, thou shalt make a parapet for thy roof, that thou bring not blood upon thy house, if any one should in any wise fall from it.
9
Thou shalt not sow thy vineyard with [seed of] two sorts, lest the whole of thy seed which thou hast sown, and the produce of thy vineyard, be forfeited.
10
Thou shalt not plough with an ox and an ass together.
11
Thou shalt not wear a garment of mixed material, [woven] of wool and linen together.
12
Tassels shalt thou make thee on the four corners of thy clothing, wherewith thou coverest thyself.
13
If a man take a wife, and go in unto her and hate her,
14
and charge her with things for scandalous talk, and cause an evil name against her to be spread abroad, and say, This woman have I taken, and I came in unto her, and I did not find her a virgin;
15
then shall the father of the damsel, and her mother, take and bring forth the tokens of the damsel's virginity unto the elders of the city in the gate;
16
and the damsel's father shall say unto the elders, I gave my daughter unto this man as wife, and he hates her;
17
and behold, he charges her with things for scandalous talk, saying, I found not thy daughter a virgin; and here are the tokens of my daughter's virginity. And they shall spread the cloth before the elders of the city.
18
And the elders of that city shall take the man and chastise him;
19
and they shall fine him a hundred shekels of silver, and give them unto the father of the damsel, because he hath caused an evil name to be spread abroad against a virgin in Israel. And she shall remain his wife: he may not put her away all his days.
20
But if this thing is true, [and] virginity hath not been found with the damsel;
21
then they shall bring out the damsel unto the entrance of her father's house, and the men of her city shall stone her with stones that she die: because she hath wrought infamy in Israel, committing fornication in her father's house; and thou shalt put evil away from thy midst.
22
If a man be found lying with a man's wife, they shall both of them die, the man that lay with the woman, and the woman; and thou shalt put away evil from Israel.
23
If a damsel, a virgin, be betrothed to some one, and a man find her in the city, and lie with her,
24
then ye shall bring them both out unto the gate of that city, and stone them with stones that they die; the damsel, because she cried not, [being] in the city, and the man, because he hath humbled his neighbour's wife; and thou shalt put evil away from thy midst.
25
But if a man find a betrothed damsel in the field, and the man force her, and lie with her, then the man only that lay with her shall die;
26
and unto the damsel thou shalt do nothing: there is in the damsel no sin worthy of death; for as when a man riseth against his neighbour, and murdereth him, so is this matter;
27
for he found her in the field, the betrothed damsel cried, and there was no one to save her.
28
If a man find a damsel, a virgin, who is not betrothed, and lay hold on her, and lie with her, and they be found,
29
then the man that lay with her shall give unto the damsel's father fifty [shekels] of silver, and she shall be his wife, because he hath humbled her; he may not put her away all his days.
30
A man shall not take his father's wife, nor uncover his father's skirt.
lxxbrent (lxxbrent) - Septuagint (Brenton 1851) eBible USFM
1
When thou seest the calf of thy brother or his sheep wandering in the way, thou shalt not overlook them; thou shalt by all means turn them back to thy brother, and thou shalt restore them to him.
2
And if thy brother do not come nigh thee, and thou dost not know him, thou shalt bring it into thy house within; and it shall be with thee until thy brother shall seek them, and thou shalt restore them to him.
3
Thus shalt thou do to his ass, and thus shalt thou do to his garment, and thus shalt thou do to every thing that thy brother has lost; whatsoever shall have been lost by him, and thou shalt have found, thou shalt not have power to overlook.
4
Thou shalt not see the ass of thy brother, or his calf, fallen in the way: thou shalt not overlook them, thou shalt surely help him to raise them up.
5
The apparel of a man shall not be on a woman, neither shall a man put on a woman's dress; for every one that does these things is an abomination to the Lord thy God.
6
And if thou shouldest come upon a brood of birds before thy face in the way or upon any tree, or upon the earth, young or eggs, and the mother be brooding on the young or the eggs, thou shalt not take the dam with the young ones.
7
Thou shalt by all means let the mother go, but thou shalt take the young to thyself; that it may be well with thee, and that thou mayest live long.
8
If thou shouldest build a new house, then shalt thou make a parapet to thy house; so thou shalt not bring blood-guiltiness upon thy house, if one should in any wise fall from it.
9
Thou shalt not sow thy vineyard with diverse seed, lest the fruit be devoted, and whatsoever seed thou mayest sow, with the fruit of thy vineyard.
10
Thou shalt not plough with an ox and an ass together.
11
Thou shalt not wear a mingled [garment], woollen and linen together.
12
Thou shalt make fringes on the four borders of thy garments, with which soever thou mayest be clothed.
13
And if any one should take a wife, and dwell with her, and hate her,
14
and attach to her reproachful words, and bring against her an evil name, and say, I took this woman, and when I came to her I found not her tokens of virginity:
15
then the father and the mother of the damsel shall take and bring out the damsel's tokens of virginity to the elders of the city to the gate.
16
And the father of the damsel shall say to the elders, I gave this my daughter to this man for a wife;
17
and now he has hated her, and attaches reproachful words to her, saying, I have not found tokens of virginity with thy daughter; and these [are] the tokens of my daughter's virginity. And they shall unfold the garment before the elders of the city.
18
And the elders of that city shall take that man, and shall chastise him,
19
and shall fine him a hundred shekels, and shall give [them] to the father of the damsel, because he has brought forth an evil name against a virgin of Israel; and she shall be his wife: he shall never be able to put her away.
20
But if this report be true, and the tokens of virginity be not found for the damsel;
21
then shall they bring out the damsel to the doors of her father's house, and shall stone her with stones, and she shall die; because she has wrought folly among the children of Israel, to defile the house of her father by whoring: so thou shalt remove the evil one from among you.
22
And if a man be found lying with a woman married to a man, ye shall kill them both, the man that lay with the woman, and the woman: so shalt thou remove the wicked one out of Israel.
23
And if there be a young damsel espoused to a man, and a man should have found her in the city and have lain with her;
24
ye shall bring them both out to the gate of their city, and they shall be stoned with stones, and they shall die; the damsel, because she cried not in the city; and the man, because he humbled his neighbour's spouse: so shalt thou remove the evil one from yourselves.
25
But if a man find in the field a damsel that is betrothed, and he should force her and lie with her, ye shall slay the man that lay with her only.
26
And the damsel has not [committed] a sin worthy of death; as if a man should rise up against his neighbour, and slay him, so [is] this thing;
27
because he found her in the field; the betrothed damsel cried, and there was none to help her.
28
And if any one should find a young virgin who has not been betrothed, and should force [her] and lie with her, and be found,
29
the man who lay with her shall give to the father of the damsel fifty silver didrachms, and she shall be his wife, because he has humbled her; he shall never be able to put her away.
vul1914 (vul1914) - Vulgate 1914 UTF-8 (sacredbible.org)
1
Non videbis bovem fratris tui, aut ovem errantem, et præteribis: sed reduces fratri tuo,
2
etiamsi non est propinquus frater tuus, nec nosti eum: duces in domum tuam, et erunt apud te quamdiu quærat ea frater tuus, et recipiat.
3
Similiter facies de asino, et de vestimento, et de omni re fratris tui, quæ perierit: si inveneris eam, ne negligas quasi alienam.
4
Si videris asinum fratris tui aut bovem cecidisse in via, non despicies, sed sublevabis cum eo.
5
Non induetur mulier veste virili, nec vir utetur veste feminea: abominabilis enim apud Deum est qui facit hæc.
6
Si ambulans per viam, in arbore vel in terra nidum avis inveneris, et matrem pullis vel ovis desuper incubantem: non tenebis eam cum filiis,
7
sed abire patieris, captos tenens filios: ut bene sit tibi, et longo vivas tempore.
8
Cum ædificaveris domum novam, facies murum tecti per circuitum: ne effundatur sanguis in domo tua, et sis reus labente alio, et in præceps ruente.
9
Non seres vineam tuam altero semine: ne et sementis quam sevisti, et quæ nascuntur ex vinea, pariter sanctificentur.
10
Non arabis in bove simul et asino.
11
Non indueris vestimento, quod ex lana linoque contextum est.
12
Funiculos in fimbriis facies per quattuor angulos pallii tui, quo operieris.
13
Si duxerit vir uxorem, et postea odio habuerit eam,
14
quæsieritque occasiones quibus dimittat eam, obiiciens ei nomen pessimum, et dixerit: Uxorem hanc accepi, et ingressus ad eam non inveni virginem:
15
tollent eam pater et mater eius, et ferent secum signa virginitatis eius ad seniores urbis qui in porta sunt:
16
et dicet pater: Filiam meam dedi huic uxorem: quam quia odit,
17
imponit ei nomen pessimum, ut dicat: Non inveni filiam tuam virginem: et ecce hæc sunt signa virginitatis filiæ meæ. expandent vestimentum coram senioribus civitatis:
18
apprehendentque senes urbis illius virum, et verberabunt illum,
19
condemnantes insuper centum siclis argenti, quos dabit patri puellæ, quoniam diffamavit nomen pessimum super virginem Israel: habebitque eam uxorem, et non poterit dimittere eam omnibus diebus vitæ suæ.
20
Quod si verum est quod obiicit, et non est in puella inventa virginitas:
21
eiicient eam extra fores domus patris sui, et lapidibus obruent viri civitatis illius, et morietur: quoniam fecit nefas in Israel, ut fornicaretur in domo patris sui: et auferes malum de medio tui.
22
Si dormierit vir cum uxore alterius, uterque morietur, id est, adulter et adultera: et auferes malum de Israel.
23
Si puellam virginem desponderit vir, et invenerit eam aliquis in civitate, et concubuerit cum ea,
24
educes utrumque ad portam civitatis illius, et lapidibus obruentur: puella, quia non clamavit, cum esset in civitate: vir, quia humiliavit uxorem proximi sui. et auferes malum de medio tui.
25
Sin autem in agro repererit vir puellam, quæ desponsata est, et apprehendens concubuerit cum ea, ipse morietur solus:
26
puella nihil patietur, nec est rea mortis: quoniam sicut latro consurgit contra fratrem suum, et occidit animam eius, ita et puella perpessa est.
27
sola erat in agro: clamavit, et nullus affuit qui liberaret eam.
28
Si invenerit vir puellam virginem, quæ non habet sponsum, et apprehendens concubuerit cum illa, et res ad iudicium venerit:
29
dabit qui dormivit cum ea, patri puellæ quinquaginta siclos argenti, et habebit eam uxorem, quia humiliavit illam: non poterit dimittere eam cunctis diebus vitæ suæ.
30
Non accipiet homo uxorem patris sui, nec revelabit operimentum eius.
web (web) - WorldEnglish.Bible — CC0 modern update of ASV
1
You shall not see your brother’s ox or his sheep go astray and hide yourself from them. You shall surely bring them again to your brother.
2
If your brother isn’t near to you, or if you don’t know him, then you shall bring it home to your house, and it shall be with you until your brother comes looking for it, and you shall restore it to him.
3
So you shall do with his donkey. So you shall do with his garment. So you shall do with every lost thing of your brother’s, which he has lost and you have found. You may not hide yourself.
4
You shall not see your brother’s donkey or his ox fallen down by the way, and hide yourself from them. You shall surely help him to lift them up again.
5
A woman shall not wear men’s clothing, neither shall a man put on women’s clothing; for whoever does these things is an abomination to the LORD your God.
6
If you come across a bird’s nest on the way, in any tree or on the ground, with young ones or eggs, and the hen sitting on the young, or on the eggs, you shall not take the hen with the young.
7
You shall surely let the hen go, but the young you may take for yourself, that it may be well with you, and that you may prolong your days.
8
When you build a new house, then you shall make a railing around your roof, so that you don’t bring blood on your house if anyone falls from there.
9
You shall not sow your vineyard with two kinds of seed, lest all the fruit be defiled, the seed which you have sown, and the increase of the vineyard.
10
You shall not plow with an ox and a donkey together.
11
You shall not wear clothes of wool and linen woven together.
12
You shall make yourselves fringes on the four corners of your cloak with which you cover yourself.
13
If any man takes a wife, and goes in to her, hates her,
14
accuses her of shameful things, gives her a bad name, and says, “I took this woman, and when I came near to her, I didn’t find in her the tokens of virginity;”
15
then the young lady’s father and mother shall take and bring the tokens of the young lady’s virginity to the elders of the city in the gate.
16
The young lady’s father shall tell the elders, “I gave my daughter to this man as his wife, and he hates her.
17
Behold, he has accused her of shameful things, saying, ‘I didn’t find in your daughter the tokens of virginity;’ and yet these are the tokens of my daughter’s virginity.” They shall spread the cloth before the elders of the city.
18
The elders of that city shall take the man and chastise him.
19
They shall fine him one hundred shekels of silver, and give them to the father of the young lady, because he has given a bad name to a virgin of Israel. She shall be his wife. He may not put her away all his days.
20
But if this thing is true, that the tokens of virginity were not found in the young lady,
21
then they shall bring out the young lady to the door of her father’s house, and the men of her city shall stone her to death with stones, because she has done folly in Israel, to play the prostitute in her father’s house. So you shall remove the evil from among you.
22
If a man is found lying with a woman married to a husband, then they shall both die, the man who lay with the woman and the woman. So you shall remove the evil from Israel.
23
If there is a young lady who is a virgin pledged to be married to a husband, and a man finds her in the city, and lies with her,
24
then you shall bring them both out to the gate of that city, and you shall stone them to death with stones; the lady, because she didn’t cry, being in the city; and the man, because he has humbled his neighbor’s wife. So you shall remove the evil from among you.
25
But if the man finds the lady who is pledged to be married in the field, and the man forces her and lies with her, then only the man who lay with her shall die;
26
but to the lady you shall do nothing. There is in the lady no sin worthy of death; for as when a man rises against his neighbor and kills him, even so is this matter;
27
for he found her in the field, the pledged to be married lady cried, and there was no one to save her.
28
If a man finds a lady who is a virgin, who is not pledged to be married, grabs her and lies with her, and they are found,
29
then the man who lay with her shall give to the lady’s father fifty shekels of silver. She shall be his wife, because he has humbled her. He may not put her away all his days.
30
A man shall not take his father’s wife, and shall not uncover his father’s skirt.
ylt (ylt) - Bible.com YLT98 plain UTF-8
1
`Thou dost not see the ox of thy brother or his sheep driven away, and hast hidden thyself from them, thou dost certainly turn them back to thy brother;
2
and if thy brother <FI>is<Fi> not near unto thee, and thou hast not known him, then thou hast removed it unto the midst of thy house, and it hath been with thee till thy brother seek it, and thou hast given it back to him;
3
and so thou dost to his ass, and so thou dost to his garment, and so thou dost to any lost thing of thy brother's, which is lost by him, and thou hast found it; thou art not able to hide thyself.
4
`Thou dost not see the ass of thy brother, or his ox, falling in the way, and hast hid thyself from them; thou dost certainly raise <FI>them<Fi> up with him.
5
`The habiliments of a man are not on a woman, nor doth a man put on the garment of a woman, for the abomination of Jehovah thy God <FI>is<Fi> any one doing these.
6
`When a bird's nest cometh before thee in the way, in any tree, or on the earth, brood or eggs, and the mother sitting on the brood or on the eggs, thou dost not take the mother with the young ones;
7
thou dost certainly send away the mother, and the young ones dost take to thyself, so that it is well with thee, and thou hast prolonged days.
8
`When thou buildest a new house, then thou hast made a parapet to thy roof, and thou dost not put blood on thy house when one falleth from it.
9
`Thou dost not sow thy vineyard <FI>with<Fi> divers things, lest the fulness of the seed which thou dost sow, and the increase of the vineyard, be separated.
10
`Thou dost not plow with an ox and with an ass together.
11
`Thou dost not put on a mixed cloth, wool and linen together.
12
`Fringes thou dost make to thee on the four skirts of thy covering with which thou dost cover <FI>thyself<Fi> .
13
`When a man taketh a wife, and hath gone in unto her, and hated her,
14
and laid against her actions of words, and brought out against her an evil name, and said, This woman I have taken, and I draw near unto her, and I have not found in her tokens of virginity:
15
`Then hath the father of the damsel--and her mother--taken and brought out the tokens of virginity of the damsel unto the elders of the city in the gate,
16
and the father of the damsel hath said unto the elders, My daughter I have given to this man for a wife, and he doth hate her;
17
and lo, he hath laid actions of words, saying, I have not found to thy daughter tokens of virginity--and these <FI>are<Fi> the tokens of the virginity of my daughter! and they have spread out the garment before the elders of the city.
18
`And the elders of that city have taken the man, and chastise him,
19
and fined him a hundred silverlings, and given to the father of the damsel, because he hath brought out an evil name on a virgin of Israel, and she is to him for a wife, he is not able to send her away all his days.
20
`And if this thing hath been truth--tokens of virginity have not been found for the damsel--
21
then they have brought out the damsel unto the opening of her father's house, and stoned her have the men of her city with stones, and she hath died, for she hath done folly in Israel, to go a-whoring <FI>in<Fi> her father's house; and thou hast put away the evil thing out of thy midst.
22
`When a man is found lying with a woman, married to a husband, then they have died even both of them, the man who is lying with the woman, also the woman; and thou hast put away the evil thing out of Israel.
23
`When there is a damsel, a virgin, betrothed to a man, and a man hath found her in a city, and lain with her;
24
then ye have brought them both out unto the gate of that city, and stoned them with stones, and they have died: --the damsel, because that she hath not cried, <FI>being<Fi> in a city; and the man, because that he hath humbled his neighbour's wife; and thou hast put away the evil thing out of thy midst.
25
`And if in a field the man find the damsel who is betrothed, and the man hath laid hold on her, and lain with her, then hath the man who hath lain with her died alone;
26
and to the damsel thou dost not do anything, the damsel hath no deadly sin; for as a man riseth against his neighbour and hath murdered him--the life, so <FI>is<Fi> this thing;
27
for in a field he found her, she hath cried--the damsel who is betrothed--and she hath no saviour.
28
`When a man findeth a damsel, a virgin who is not betrothed, and hath caught her, and lain with her, and they have been found,
29
then hath the man who is lying with her given to the father of the damsel fifty silverlings, and to him she is for a wife; because that he hath humbled her, he is not able to send her away all his days.
30
`A man doth not take his father's wife, nor uncover his father's skirt.
Explanations by Age Level
Explain Like I'm 5
A long, long time ago, there was nothing at all - no earth, no sky, no animals, no people. It was all dark and empty. But God was there! God is so powerful that He can make anything just by speaking. So God said "Let there be light!" and BOOM! There was light everywhere! God saw that the light was beautiful and good. He called the light "day" and the darkness "night." This was the very first day when God started making our wonderful world!
Explain Like I'm 10
Before anything existed - no planets, stars, or life - God decided to create the universe. The earth started out as a dark, empty place covered with water. But God's Spirit was there, ready to bring order and beauty to everything. When God spoke and said "Let there be light," light immediately appeared because God's words have incredible power. God looked at the light and was pleased with what He had made. He organized time by separating light (day) from darkness (night), creating the first 24-hour period. This shows us that God is organized and purposeful in everything He does.
Explain Like I'm 15
Genesis 1:1-5 establishes fundamental theological truths about God and creation. The Hebrew word "bara" (created) indicates creation from nothing (ex nihilo), demonstrating God's absolute sovereignty and power. The phrase "without form and void" (tohu wa-bohu) describes a state of chaos that God transforms into order. The Spirit of God "hovering" or "brooding" over the waters suggests active, caring involvement in creation. The creation of light before the sun (created on day 4) indicates that God Himself is the ultimate source of light and energy. The establishment of day and night creates the framework of time, showing that God operates within orderly patterns while transcending them. This passage refutes both atheistic materialism and pantheism, establishing that God is both transcendent (separate from creation) and immanent (actively involved in it).