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Luke Chapter 21

Other Translations

asv (asv) - eBible.org engASV USFM

1 again; and
2 was lost, and is found.
3 And he said also unto the disciples, There was a certain rich man, who had a steward; and the same was accused unto him that he was wasting his goods.
4 And he called him, and said unto him, What is this that I hear of thee? render the account of thy stewardship; for thou canst be no longer steward.
5 And the steward said within himself, What shall I do, seeing that my lord taketh away the stewardship from me? I have not strength to dig; to beg I am ashamed.
6 I am resolved what to do, that, when I am put out of the stewardship, they may receive me into their houses.
7 And calling to him each one of his lord’s debtors, he said to the first, How much owest thou unto my lord?
8 And he said, A hundred measures of oil. And he said unto him, Take thy bond, and sit down quickly and write fifty.
9 Then said he to another, And how much owest thou? And he said, A hundred measures of wheat. He saith unto him, Take thy bond, and write fourscore.
10 And his lord commended the unrighteous steward because he had done wisely: for the sons of this world are for their own generation wiser than the sons of the light.
11 And I say unto you, Make to yourselves friends by means of the mammon of unrighteousness; that, when it shall fail, they may receive you into the eternal tabernacles.
12 He that is faithful in a very little is faithful also in much: and he that is unrighteous in a very little is unrighteous also in much.
13 If therefore ye have not been faithful in the unrighteous mammon, who will commit to your trust the true
14 riches?
15 And if ye have not been faithful in that which is another’s, who will give you that which is your own?
16 No servant can serve two masters: for either he will hate the one, and love the other; or else he will hold to one, and despise the other. Ye cannot serve God and mammon.
17 And the Pharisees, who were lovers of money, heard all these things; and they scoffed at him.
18 And he said unto them, Ye are they that justify yourselves in the sight of men; but God knoweth your hearts: for that which is exalted among men is an abomination in the sight of God.
19 The law and the prophets
20 were until John: from that time the gospel of the kingdom of God is preached, and every man entereth violently into it.
21 But it is easier for heaven and earth to pass away, than for one tittle of the law to fall.
22 Every one that putteth away his wife, and marrieth another, committeth adultery: and he that marrieth one that is put away from a husband committeth adultery.
23 Now there was a certain rich man, and he was clothed in purple and fine linen, faring sumptuously every day:
24 and a certain beggar named Lazarus was laid at his gate, full of sores,
25 and desiring to be fed with the
26 crumbs that fell from the rich man’s table; yea, even the dogs came and licked his sores.
27 And it came to pass, that the beggar died, and that he was carried away by the angels into Abraham’s bosom: and the rich man also died, and was buried.
28 And in Hades he lifted up his eyes, being in torments, and seeth Abraham afar off, and Lazarus in his bosom.
29 And he cried and said, Father Abraham, have mercy on me, and send Lazarus, that he may dip the tip of his finger in water, and cool my tongue; for I am in anguish in this flame.
30 But Abraham said, Son, remember that thou in thy lifetime receivedst thy good things, and Lazarus in like manner evil things: but now here he is comforted, and thou art in anguish.
31 And besides all this, between us and you there is a great gulf fixed, that they that would pass from hence to you may not be able, and that none may cross over from thence to us.
32 And he said, I pray thee therefore, father, that thou wouldest send him to my father’s house;
33 for I have five brethren; that he may testify unto them, lest they also come into this place of torment.
34 But Abraham saith, They have Moses and the prophets; let them hear them.
35 And he said, Nay, father Abraham: but if one go to them from the dead, they will repent.
36 And he said unto him, If they hear not Moses and the prophets, neither will they be persuaded, if one rise from the dead.
37 And he said unto his disciples, It is impossible but that occasions of stumbling should come; but woe unto him, through whom they come!
38 It were well for him if a millstone were hanged about his neck, and he were thrown into the sea, rather than that he should cause one of these little ones to stumble.

darby (darby) - eBible.org Darby 1890 plaintext

1 And he looked up and saw the rich casting their gifts into the treasury;
2 but he saw also a certain poor widow casting therein two mites.
3 And he said, Verily I say unto you, that this poor widow has cast in more than all;
4 for all these out of their abundance have cast into the gifts [ofGod]; but she out of her need has cast in all the living which she had.
5 And as some spoke of the temple, that it was adorned with goodly stones and consecrated offerings, he said,
6 [As to] these things which ye are beholding, days are coming in which there shall not be left stone upon stone which shall not be thrown down.
7 And they asked him saying, Teacher, when then shall these things be; and what [is] the sign when these things are going to take place?
8 And he said, See that ye be not led astray, for many shall come in my name, saying, I am [he], and the time is drawn nigh: go ye not [therefore] after them.
9 And when ye shall hear of wars and tumults, be not terrified, for these things must first take place, but the end is not immediately.
10 Then he said to them, Nation shall rise up against nation, and kingdom against kingdom;
11 there shall be both great earthquakes in different places, and famines and pestilences; and there shall be fearful sights and great signs from heaven.
12 But before all these things they shall lay their hands upon you and persecute you, delivering [you] up to synagogues and prisons, bringing [you] before kings and governors on account of my name;
13 but it shall turn out to you for a testimony.
14 Settle therefore in your hearts not to meditate beforehand [your] defence,
15 for I will give you a mouth and wisdom which all your opposers shall not be able to reply to or resist.
16 But ye will be delivered up even by parents and brethren and relations and friends, and they shall put to death [some] from among you,
17 and ye will be hated of all for my name's sake.
18 And a hair of your head shall in no wise perish.
19 By your patient endurance gain your souls.
20 But when ye see Jerusalem encompassed with armies, then know that its desolation is drawn nigh.
21 Then let those who are in Judaea flee to the mountains, and those who are in the midst of it depart out, and those who are in the country not enter into it;
22 for these are days of avenging, that all the things that are written may be accomplished.
23 But woe to them that are with child and to them who give suck in those days, for there shall be great distress upon the land and wrath upon this people.
24 And they shall fall by the edge of the sword, and be led captive into all the nations; and Jerusalem shall be trodden down of [the] nations until [the] times of [the] nations be fulfilled.
25 And there shall be signs in sun and moon and stars, and upon the earth distress of nations in perplexity [at] the roar of the sea and rolling waves,
26 men ready to die through fear and expectation of what is coming on the habitable earth, for the powers of the heavens shall be shaken.
27 And then shall they see the Son of man coming in a cloud with power and great glory.
28 But when these things begin to come to pass, look up and lift up your heads, because your redemption draws nigh.
29 And he spoke a parable to them: Behold the fig-tree and all the trees;
30 when they already sprout, ye know of your own selves, [on] looking [at them], that already the summer is near.
31 So also ye, when ye see these things take place, know that the kingdom ofGod is near.
32 Verily I say unto you, that this generation shall in no wise pass away until all come to pass.
33 The heaven and the earth shall pass away, but my words shall in no wise pass away.
34 But take heed to yourselves lest possibly your hearts be laden with surfeiting and drinking and cares of life, and that day come upon you suddenly unawares;
35 for as a snare shall it come upon all them that dwell upon the face of the whole earth.
36 Watch therefore, praying at every season, that ye may be accounted worthy to escape all these things which are about to come to pass, and to stand before the Son of man.
37 And by day he was teaching in the temple, and by night, going out, he remained abroad on the mountain called [the mount] of Olives;
38 and all the people came early in the morning to him in the temple to hear him.

vul1914 (vul1914) - Vulgate 1914 UTF-8 (sacredbible.org)

1 Respiciens autem vidit eos, qui mittebant munera sua in gazophylacium, divites.
2 Vidit autem et quandam viduam pauperculam mittentem æra minuta duo.
3 Et dixit: Vere dico vobis, quia vidua hæc pauper, plus quam omnes misit.
4 Nam omnes hi ex abundanti sibi miserunt in munera Dei: hæc autem ex eo, quod deest illi, omnem victum suum, quem habuit, misit.
5 Et quibusdam dicentibus de templo quod bonis lapidibus, et donis ornatum esset, dixit:
6 Hæc, quæ videtis, venient dies, in quibus non relinquetur lapis super lapidem, qui non destruatur.
7 Interrogaverunt autem illum, dicentes: Præceptor, quando hæc erunt, et quod signum cum fieri incipient?
8 Qui dixit: Videte ne seducamini: multi enim venient in nomine meo, dicentes quia ego sum: et tempus appropinquavit: nolite ergo ire post eos.
9 Cum autem audieritis prælia, et seditiones, nolite terreri: oportet primum hæc fieri, sed nondum statim finis.
10 Tunc dicebat illis: Surget gens contra gentem, et regnum adversus regnum.
11 Et terræmotus magni erunt per loca, et pestilentiæ, et fames, terroresque de cælo, et signa magna erunt.
12 Sed ante hæc omnia iniicient vobis manus suas, et persequentur tradentes in synagogas, et custodias, trahentes ad reges, et præsides propter nomen meum:
13 continget autem vobis in testimonium.
14 Ponite ergo in cordibus vestris non præmeditari quemadmodum respondeatis.
15 ego enim dabo vobis os, et sapientiam, cui non poterunt resistere, et contradicere omnes adversarii vestri.
16 Trademini autem a parentibus, et fratribus, et cognatis, et amicis, et morte afficient ex vobis:
17 et eritis odio omnibus propter nomen meum:
18 et capillus de capite vestro non peribit.
19 In patientia vestra possidebitis animas vestras.
20 Cum autem videritis circumdari ab exercitu Ierusalem, tunc scitote quia appropinquavit desolatio eius:
21 tunc qui in Iudæa sunt, fugiant ad montes: et qui in medio eius, discedant: et qui in regionibus, non intrent in eam.
22 quia dies ultionis hi sunt, ut impleantur omnia, quæ scripta sunt.
23 Væ autem prægnantibus, et nutrientibus in illis diebus. erit enim pressura magna super terram, et ira populo huic.
24 Et cadent in ore gladii: et captivi ducentur in omnes Gentes. et Ierusalem calcabitur a Gentibus: donec impleantur tempora nationum.
25 Et erunt signa in sole, et luna, et stellis, et in terris pressura Gentium præ confusione sonitus maris, et fluctuum:
26 arescentibus hominibus præ timore, et expectatione, quæ supervenient universo orbi: nam virtutes cælorum movebuntur:
27 et tunc videbunt filium hominis venientem in nube cum potestate magna, et maiestate.
28 His autem fieri incipientibus, respicite, et levate capita vestra: quoniam appropinquat redemptio vestra.
29 Et dixit illis similitudinem: Videte ficulneam, et omnes arbores:
30 cum producunt iam ex se fructum, scitis quoniam prope est æstas.
31 Ita et vos cum videritis hæc fieri, scitote quoniam prope est regnum Dei.
32 Amen dico vobis, quia non præteribit generatio hæc, donec omnia fiant.
33 Cælum, et terra transibunt: verba autem mea non transibunt.
34 Attendite autem vobis, ne forte graventur corda vestra in crapula, et ebrietate, et curis huius vitæ: et superveniat in vos repentina dies illa:
35 tamquam laqueus enim superveniet in omnes, qui sedent super faciem omnis terræ.
36 Vigilate itaque, omni tempore orantes, ut digni habeamini fugere ista omnia, quæ futura sunt, et stare ante Filium hominis.
37 Erat autem diebus docens in templo: noctibus vero exiens, morabatur in monte, qui vocatur Oliveti.
38 Et omnis populus manicabat ad eum in templo audire eum.

web (web) - WorldEnglish.Bible — CC0 modern update of ASV

1 He looked up and saw the rich people who were putting their gifts into the treasury.
2 He saw a certain poor widow casting in two small brass coins.
3 He said, “Truly I tell you, this poor widow put in more than all of them,
4 for all these put in gifts for God from their abundance, but she, out of her poverty, put in all that she had to live on.”
5 As some were talking about the temple and how it was decorated with beautiful stones and gifts, he said,
6 “As for these things which you see, the days will come in which there will not be left here one stone on another that will not be thrown down.”
7 They asked him, “Teacher, so when will these things be? What is the sign that these things are about to happen?”
8 He said, “Watch out that you don’t get led astray, for many will come in my name, saying, ‘I am he,’ and, ‘The time is at hand.’ Therefore don’t follow them.
9 When you hear of wars and disturbances, don’t be terrified, for these things must happen first, but the end won’t come immediately.”
10 Then he said to them, “Nation will rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom.
11 There will be great earthquakes, famines, and plagues in various places. There will be terrors and great signs from heaven.
12 But before all these things, they will lay their hands on you and will persecute you, delivering you up to synagogues and prisons, bringing you before kings and governors for my name’s sake.
13 It will turn out as a testimony for you.
14 Settle it therefore in your hearts not to meditate beforehand how to answer,
15 for I will give you a mouth and wisdom which all your adversaries will not be able to withstand or to contradict.
16 You will be handed over even by parents, brothers, relatives, and friends. They will cause some of you to be put to death.
17 You will be hated by all men for my name’s sake.
18 And not a hair of your head will perish.
19 “By your endurance you will win your lives.
20 “But when you see Jerusalem surrounded by armies, then know that its desolation is at hand.
21 Then let those who are in Judea flee to the mountains. Let those who are in the middle of her depart. Let those who are in the country not enter therein.
22 For these are days of vengeance, that all things which are written may be fulfilled.
23 Woe to those who are pregnant and to those who nurse infants in those days! For there will be great distress in the land and wrath to this people.
24 They will fall by the edge of the sword, and will be led captive into all the nations. Jerusalem will be trampled down by the Gentiles until the times of the Gentiles are fulfilled.
25 “There will be signs in the sun, moon, and stars; and on the earth anxiety of nations, in perplexity for the roaring of the sea and the waves;
26 men fainting for fear and for expectation of the things which are coming on the world, for the powers of the heavens will be shaken.
27 Then they will see the Son of Man coming in a cloud with power and great glory.
28 But when these things begin to happen, look up and lift up your heads, because your redemption is near.”
29 He told them a parable. “See the fig tree and all the trees.
30 When they are already budding, you see it and know by your own selves that the summer is already near.
31 Even so you also, when you see these things happening, know that God’s Kingdom is near.
32 Most certainly I tell you, this generation will not pass away until all things are accomplished.
33 Heaven and earth will pass away, but my words will by no means pass away.
34 “So be careful, or your hearts will be loaded down with carousing, drunkenness, and cares of this life, and that day will come on you suddenly.
35 For it will come like a snare on all those who dwell on the surface of all the earth.
36 Therefore be watchful all the time, praying that you may be counted worthy to escape all these things that will happen, and to stand before the Son of Man.”
37 Every day Jesus was teaching in the temple, and every night he would go out and spend the night on the mountain that is called Olivet.
38 All the people came early in the morning to him in the temple to hear him.

wh1881 (wh1881) - Westcott-Hort Greek NT 1881 eBible USFM

1 αναβλεψας δε ειδεν τους βαλλοντας εις το γαζοφυλακιον τα δωρα αυτων πλουσιους
2 ειδεν δε τινα χηραν πενιχραν βαλλουσαν εκει λεπτα δυο
3 και ειπεν αληθως λεγω υμιν οτι η χηρα αυτη η πτωχη πλειον παντων εβαλεν
4 παντες γαρ ουτοι εκ του περισσευοντος αυτοις εβαλον εις τα δωρα αυτη δε εκ του υστερηματος αυτης παντα τον βιον ον ειχεν εβαλεν
5 και τινων λεγοντων περι του ιερου οτι λιθοις καλοις και αναθημασιν κεκοσμηται ειπεν
6 ταυτα α θεωρειτε ελευσονται ημεραι εν αις ουκ αφεθησεται λιθος επι λιθω ωδε ος ου καταλυθησεται
7 επηρωτησαν δε αυτον λεγοντες διδασκαλε ποτε ουν ταυτα εσται και τι το σημειον οταν μελλη ταυτα γινεσθαι
8 ο δε ειπεν βλεπετε μη πλανηθητε πολλοι γαρ ελευσονται επι τω ονοματι μου λεγοντες εγω ειμι και ο καιρος ηγγικεν μη πορευθητε οπισω αυτων
9 οταν δε ακουσητε πολεμους και ακαταστασιας μη πτοηθητε δει γαρ ταυτα γενεσθαι πρωτον αλλ ουκ ευθεως το τελος
10 τοτε ελεγεν αυτοις εγερθησεται εθνος επ εθνος και βασιλεια επι βασιλειαν
11 σεισμοι τε μεγαλοι και κατα τοπους λοιμοι και λιμοι εσονται φοβηθρα τε και απ ουρανου σημεια μεγαλα εσται
12 προ δε τουτων παντων επιβαλουσιν εφ υμας τας χειρας αυτων και διωξουσιν παραδιδοντες εις τας συναγωγας και φυλακας απαγομενους επι βασιλεις και ηγεμονας ενεκεν του ονοματος μου
13 αποβησεται υμιν εις μαρτυριον
14 θετε ουν εν ταις καρδιαις υμων μη προμελεταν απολογηθηναι
15 εγω γαρ δωσω υμιν στομα και σοφιαν η ου δυνησονται αντιστηναι η αντειπειν απαντες οι αντικειμενοι υμιν
16 παραδοθησεσθε δε και υπο γονεων και αδελφων και συγγενων και φιλων και θανατωσουσιν εξ υμων
17 και εσεσθε μισουμενοι υπο παντων δια το ονομα μου
18 και θριξ εκ της κεφαλης υμων ου μη αποληται
19 εν τη υπομονη υμων κτησεσθε τας ψυχας υμων
20 οταν δε ιδητε κυκλουμενην υπο στρατοπεδων ιερουσαλημ τοτε γνωτε οτι ηγγικεν η ερημωσις αυτης
21 τοτε οι εν τη ιουδαια φευγετωσαν εις τα ορη και οι εν μεσω αυτης εκχωρειτωσαν και οι εν ταις χωραις μη εισερχεσθωσαν εις αυτην
22 οτι ημεραι εκδικησεως αυται εισιν του πλησθηναι παντα τα γεγραμμενα
23 ουαι ταις εν γαστρι εχουσαις και ταις θηλαζουσαις εν εκειναις ταις ημεραις εσται γαρ αναγκη μεγαλη επι της γης και οργη τω λαω τουτω
24 και πεσουνται στοματι μαχαιρης και αιχμαλωτισθησονται εις τα εθνη παντα και ιερουσαλημ εσται πατουμενη υπο εθνων αχρι ου πληρωθωσιν [και εσονται] καιροι εθνων
25 και εσονται σημεια εν ηλιω και σεληνη και αστροις και επι της γης συνοχη εθνων εν αποριαηχους θαλασσης και σαλου
26 αποψυχοντων ανθρωπων απο φοβου και προσδοκιας των επερχομενων τη οικουμενη αι γαρ δυναμεις των ουρανων σαλευθησονται
27 και τοτε οψονται τον υιον του ανθρωπου ερχομενον εν νεφελη μετα δυναμεως και δοξης πολλης
28 αρχομενων δε τουτων γινεσθαι ανακυψατε και επαρατε τας κεφαλας υμων διοτι εγγιζει η απολυτρωσις υμων
29 και ειπεν παραβολην αυτοις ιδετε την συκην και παντα τα δενδρα
30 οταν προβαλωσιν ηδη βλεποντες αφ εαυτων γινωσκετε οτι ηδη εγγυς το θερος εστιν
31 ουτως και υμεις οταν ιδητε ταυτα γινομενα γινωσκετε οτι εγγυς εστιν η βασιλεια του θεου
32 αμην λεγω υμιν οτι ου μη παρελθη η γενεα αυτη εως [αν] παντα γενηται
33 ο ουρανος και η γη παρελευσονται οι δε λογοι μου ου μη παρελευσονται
34 προσεχετε δε εαυτοις μηποτε βαρηθωσιν αι καρδιαι υμων εν κρεπαλη και μεθη και μεριμναις βιωτικαις και επιστη εφ υμας εφνιδιος η ημερα εκεινη
35 ως παγις επεισελευσεται γαρ επι παντας τους καθημενους επι προσωπον πασης της γης
36 αγρυπνειτε δε εν παντι καιρω δεομενοι ινα κατισχυσητε εκφυγειν ταυτα παντα τα μελλοντα γινεσθαι και σταθηναι εμπροσθεν του υιου του ανθρωπου
37 ην δε τας ημερας εν τω ιερω διδασκων τας δε νυκτας εξερχομενος ηυλιζετο εις το ορος το καλουμενον ελαιων
38 και πας ο λαος ωρθριζεν προς αυτον εν τω ιερω ακουειν αυτου

ylt (ylt) - Bible.com YLT98 plain UTF-8

1 And having looked up, he saw those who did cast their gifts to the treasury--rich men,
2 and he saw also a certain poor widow casting there two mites,
3 and he said, `Truly I say to you, that this poor widow did cast in more than all;
4 for all these out of their superabundance did cast into the gifts to God, but this one out of her want, all the living that she had, did cast in.'
5 And certain saying about the temple, that with goodly stones and devoted things it hath been adorned, he said,
6 `These things that ye behold--days will come, in which there shall not be left a stone upon a stone, that shall not be thrown down.'
7 And they questioned him, saying, `Teacher, when, then, shall these things be? and what <FI>is<Fi> the sign when these things may be about to happen?'
8 And he said, `See--ye may not be led astray, for many shall come in my name, saying--I am <FI>he<Fi> , and the time hath come nigh; go not on then after them;
9 and when ye may hear of wars and uprisings, be not terrified, for it behoveth these things to happen first, but the end <FI>is<Fi> not immediately.'
10 Then said he to them, `Nation shall rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom,
11 great shakings also in every place, and famines, and pestilences, there shall be; fearful things also, and great signs from heaven there shall be;
12 and before all these, they shall lay on you their hands, and persecute, delivering up to synagogues and prisons, being brought before kings and governors for my name's sake;
13 and it shall become to you for a testimony.
14 `Settle, then, to your hearts, not to meditate beforehand to reply,
15 for I will give to you a mouth and wisdom that all your opposers shall not be able to refute or resist.
16 `And ye shall be delivered up also by parents, and brothers, and kindred, and friends, and they shall put of you to death;
17 and ye shall be hated by all because of my name--
18 and a hair out of your head shall not perish;
19 in your patience possess ye your souls.
20 `And when ye may see Jerusalem surrounded by encampments, then know that come nigh did her desolation;
21 then those in Judea, let them flee to the mountains; and those in her midst, let them depart out; and those in the countries, let them not come in to her;
22 because these are days of vengeance, to fulfil all things that have been written.
23 `And woe to those with child, and to those giving suck, in those days; for there shall be great distress on the land, and wrath on this people;
24 and they shall fall by the mouth of the sword, and shall be led captive to all the nations, and Jerusalem shall be trodden down by nations, till the times of nations be fulfilled.
25 `And there shall be signs in sun, and moon, and stars, and on the land <FI>is<Fi> distress of nations with perplexity, sea and billow roaring;
26 men fainting at heart from fear, and expectation of the things coming on the world, for the powers of the heavens shall be shaken.
27 `And then they shall see the Son of Man, coming in a cloud, with power and much glory;
28 and these things beginning to happen bend yourselves back, and lift up your heads, because your redemption doth draw nigh.'
29 And he spake a simile to them: `See the fig-tree, and all the trees,
30 when they may now cast forth, having seen, of yourselves ye know that now is the summer nigh;
31 so also ye, when ye may see these things happening, ye know that near is the reign of God;
32 verily I say to you--This generation may not pass away till all may have come to pass;
33 the heaven and the earth shall pass away, but my words may not pass away.
34 `And take heed to yourselves, lest your hearts may be weighed down with surfeiting, and drunkenness, and anxieties of life, and suddenly that day may come on you,
35 for as a snare it shall come on all those dwelling on the face of all the land,
36 watch ye, then, in every season, praying that ye may be accounted worthy to escape all these things that are about to come to pass, and to stand before the Son of Man.'
37 And he was during the days in the temple teaching, and during the nights, going forth, he was lodging at the mount called of Olives;
38 and all the people were coming early unto him in the temple to hear him.

Explanations by Age Level

Explain Like I'm 5

A long, long time ago, there was nothing at all - no earth, no sky, no animals, no people. It was all dark and empty. But God was there! God is so powerful that He can make anything just by speaking. So God said "Let there be light!" and BOOM! There was light everywhere! God saw that the light was beautiful and good. He called the light "day" and the darkness "night." This was the very first day when God started making our wonderful world!

Explain Like I'm 10

Before anything existed - no planets, stars, or life - God decided to create the universe. The earth started out as a dark, empty place covered with water. But God's Spirit was there, ready to bring order and beauty to everything. When God spoke and said "Let there be light," light immediately appeared because God's words have incredible power. God looked at the light and was pleased with what He had made. He organized time by separating light (day) from darkness (night), creating the first 24-hour period. This shows us that God is organized and purposeful in everything He does.

Explain Like I'm 15

Genesis 1:1-5 establishes fundamental theological truths about God and creation. The Hebrew word "bara" (created) indicates creation from nothing (ex nihilo), demonstrating God's absolute sovereignty and power. The phrase "without form and void" (tohu wa-bohu) describes a state of chaos that God transforms into order. The Spirit of God "hovering" or "brooding" over the waters suggests active, caring involvement in creation. The creation of light before the sun (created on day 4) indicates that God Himself is the ultimate source of light and energy. The establishment of day and night creates the framework of time, showing that God operates within orderly patterns while transcending them. This passage refutes both atheistic materialism and pantheism, establishing that God is both transcendent (separate from creation) and immanent (actively involved in it).