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Exodus Chapter 6

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asv (asv) - eBible.org engASV USFM

1 But he said, Ye are idle, ye are idle: therefore ye say, Let us go and sacrifice to Jehovah.
2 Go therefore now, and work; for there shall no straw be given you, yet shall ye deliver the number of bricks.
3 And the officers of the children of Israel did see that they were in evil case, when it was said, Ye shall not diminish aught from your bricks,
4 your daily tasks.
5 And they met Moses and Aaron, who stood in the way, as they came forth from Pharaoh:
6 and they said unto them, Jehovah look upon you, and judge: because ye have made our savor to be abhorred in the eyes of Pharaoh, and in the eyes of his servants, to put a sword in their hand to slay us.
7 And Moses returned unto Jehovah, and said, Lord, wherefore hast thou dealt ill with this people? why is it that thou hast sent me?
8 For since I came to Pharaoh to speak in thy name, he hath dealt ill with this people; neither hast thou delivered thy people at all.
9 And Jehovah said unto Moses, Now shalt thou see what I will do to Pharaoh: for by a strong hand shall he let them go, and by a strong hand shall he drive them out of his land.
10 And God spake unto Moses, and said unto him, I am Jehovah:
11 and I appeared unto Abraham, unto Isaac, and unto Jacob, as God Almighty; but by my name Jehovah I was not known to them.
12 And I have also established my covenant with them, to give them the land of Canaan, the land of their sojournings, wherein they sojourned.
13 And moreover I have heard the groaning of the children of Israel, whom the Egyptians keep in bondage; and I have remembered my covenant.
14 Wherefore say unto the children of Israel, I am Jehovah, and I will bring you out from under the burdens of the Egyptians, and I will rid you out of their bondage, and I will redeem you with an outstretched arm, and with great judgments:
15 and I will take you to me for a people, and I will be to you a God; and ye shall know that I am Jehovah your God, who bringeth you out from under the burdens of the Egyptians.
16 And I will bring you in unto the land which I sware to give to Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob; and I will give it you for a heritage: I am Jehovah.
17 And Moses spake so unto the children of Israel: but they hearkened not unto Moses for anguish of spirit, and for cruel bondage.
18 And Jehovah spake unto Moses, saying,
19 Go in, speak unto Pharaoh king of Egypt, that he let the children of Israel go out of his land.
20 And Moses spake before Jehovah, saying, Behold, the children of Israel have not hearkened unto me; how then shall Pharaoh hear me, who am of uncircumcised lips?
21 And Jehovah spake unto Moses and unto Aaron, and gave them a charge unto the children of Israel, and unto Pharaoh king of Egypt, to bring the children of Israel out of the land of Egypt.
22 These are the heads of their fathers’ houses. The sons of Reuben the first-born of Israel: Hanoch, and Pallu, Hezron, and Carmi; these are the families of Reuben.
23 And the sons of Simeon: Jemuel, and Jamin, and Ohad, and Jachin, and Zohar, and Shaul the son of a Canaanitish woman; these are the families of Simeon.
24 And these are the names of the sons of Levi according to their generations: Gershon, and Kohath, and Merari; and the years of the life of Levi were a hundred thirty and seven years.
25 The sons of Gershon: Libni and Shimei, according to their families.
26 And the sons of Kohath: Amram, and Izhar, and Hebron, and Uzziel; and the years of the life of Kohath were a hundred thirty and three years.
27 And the sons of Merari: Mahli and Mushi. These are the families of the Levites according to their generations.
28 And Amram took him Jochebed his father’s sister to wife; and she bare him Aaron and Moses: and the years of the life of Amram were a hundred and thirty and seven years.
29 And the sons of Izhar: Korah, and Nepheg, and Zichri.
30 And the sons of Uzziel: Mishael, and Elzaphan, and Sithri.

darby (darby) - eBible.org Darby 1890 plaintext

1 And Jehovah said to Moses, Now shalt thou see what I will do to Pharaoh; for by a strong hand shall he let them go, and by a strong hand shall he drive them out of his land.
2 AndGod spoke to Moses, and said to him, I am Jehovah.
3 And I appeared unto Abraham, unto Isaac, and unto Jacob, as the AlmightyGod; but by my name Jehovah I was not made known to them.
4 And I established also my covenant with them, to give them the land of Canaan, the land of their pilgrimage, in which they were sojourners.
5 And I have heard also the groaning of the children of Israel, whom the Egyptians have forced to serve, and I have remembered my covenant.
6 Therefore say unto the children of Israel, I am Jehovah, and I will bring you out from under the burdens of the Egyptians, and I will deliver you from their service, and I will redeem you with a stretched-out arm, and with great judgments.
7 And I will take you to me for a people, and will be yourGod; and ye shall know that I, Jehovah yourGod, am he who bringeth you out from under the burdens of the Egyptians.
8 And I will bring you into the land concerning which I swore to give it unto Abraham, unto Isaac, and unto Jacob; and I will give it you for a possession: I am Jehovah.
9 And Moses spoke thus to the children of Israel; but they did not listen to Moses from anguish of spirit, and from hard service.
10 And Jehovah spoke to Moses, saying,
11 Go in, speak unto Pharaoh king of Egypt, that he let the children of Israel go out of his land.
12 And Moses spoke before Jehovah, saying, Lo, the children of Israel do not hearken to me: how then should Pharaoh hearken to me, to me of uncircumcised lips?
13 And Jehovah spoke to Moses and to Aaron, and gave them a commandment to the children of Israel, and to Pharaoh king of Egypt, to bring the children of Israel out of the land of Egypt.
14 These are the heads of their fathers' houses: the sons of Reuben, the firstborn of Israel: Enoch and Phallu, Hezron and Carmi: these are the families of Reuben.
15 — And the sons of Simeon: Jemuel, and Jamin, and Ohad, and Jachin, and Zohar, and Saul the son of a Canaanitish woman: these are the families of Simeon.
16 And these are the names of the sons of Levi, according to their generations: Gershon, and Kohath, and Merari. And the years of the life of Levi were a hundred and thirty-seven years.
17 The sons of Gershon: Libni and Shimei, according to their families.
18 And the sons of Kohath: Amram, and Jizhar, and Hebron, and Uzziel. And the years of the life of Kohath were a hundred and thirty-three years.
19 And the sons of Merari: Mahli and Mushi: these are the families of Levi according to their generations.
20 And Amram took Jochebed his aunt as wife; and she bore him Aaron and Moses. And the years of the life of Amram were a hundred and thirty-seven years.
21 And the sons of Jizhar: Korah, and Nepheg, and Zicri.
22 And the sons of Uzziel: Mishael, and Elzaphan, and Sithri.
23 And Aaron took Elisheba, daughter of Amminadab, sister of Nahshon, as wife; and she bore him Nadab and Abihu, Eleazar and Ithamar.
24 And the sons of Korah: Assir, and Elkanah, and Abiasaph: these are the families of the Korahites.
25 And Eleazar Aaron's son took [one] of the daughters of Putiel as wife; and she bore him Phinehas: these are the heads of the fathers of the Levites according to their families.
26 This is that Aaron and Moses, to whom Jehovah said, Bring out the children of Israel from the land of Egypt according to their hosts.
27 These are they who spoke to Pharaoh king of Egypt, to bring out the children of Israel from Egypt: this is that Moses and Aaron.
28 And it came to pass on the day when Jehovah spoke to Moses in the land of Egypt,
29 that Jehovah spoke to Moses, saying, I am Jehovah: speak thou unto Pharaoh king of Egypt all that I say unto thee.
30 And Moses said before Jehovah, Behold, I am of uncircumcised lips, and how will Pharaoh hearken unto me?

lxxbrent (lxxbrent) - Septuagint (Brenton 1851) eBible USFM

1 And the Lord said to Moses, Now thou shalt see what I will do to Pharao; for he shall send them forth with a mighty hand, and with a high arm shall he cast them out of his land.
2 And God spoke to Moses and said to him, I [am] the Lord.
3 And I appeared to Abraam and Isaac and Jacob, being their God, but I did not manifest to them my name Lord.
4 And I established my covenant with them, to give them the land of the Chananites, the land wherein they sojourned, in which also they dwelt as strangers.
5 And I hearkened to the groaning of the children of Israel (the affliction with which the Egyptians enslave them) and I remembered the covenant with you.
6 Go, speak to the children of Israel, saying, I [am] the Lord; and I will lead you forth from the tyranny of the Egyptians, and I will deliver you from bondage, and I will ransom you with a high arm, and great judgment.
7 And I will take you to me a people for myself, and will be your God; and ye shall know that I am the Lord your God, who brought you out from the tyranny of the Egyptians.
8 And I will bring you into the land concerning which I stretched out my hand to give it to Abraam and Isaac and Jacob, and I will give it you for an inheritance: I [am] the Lord.
9 And Moses spoke thus to the sons of Israel, and they hearkened not to Moses for faint-heartedness, and for their hard tasks.
10 And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying,
11 Go in, speak to Pharao king of Egypt, that he send forth the children of Israel out of his land.
12 And Moses spoke before the Lord, saying, Behold, the children of Israel hearkened not to me, and how shall Pharao hearken to me? and I am not eloquent.
13 And the Lord spoke to Moses and Aaron, and gave them a charge to Pharao king of Egypt, that he should send forth the children of Israel out of the land of Egypt.
14 And these are the heads of the houses of their families: the sons of Ruben the first-born of Israel; Enoch and Phallus, Asron, and Charmi, this is the kindred of Ruben.
15 And the sons of Symeon, Jemuel and Jamin, and Aod, and Jachin and Saar, and Saul the son of a Phœnician woman, these are the families of the sons of Symeon.
16 And these are the names of the sons of Levi according to their kindreds, Gedson, Caath, and Merari; and the years of the life of Levi were a hundred and thirty-seven.
17 And these are the sons of Gedson, Lobeni and Semei, the houses of their family. And the sons of Caath,
18 Ambram and Issaar, Chebron, and Oziel; and the years of the life of Caath were a hundred and thirty-three years.
19 And the sons of Merari, Moöli, and Omusi, these are the houses of the families of Levi, according to their kindreds.
20 And Ambram took to wife Jochabed the daughter of his father's brother, and she bore to him both Aaron and Moses, and Mariam their sister: and the years of the life of Ambram were a hundred and thirty-two years.
21 And the sons of Issaar, Core, and Naphec, and Zechri.
22 And the sons of Oziel, Misael, and Elisaphan, and Segri.
23 And Aaron took to himself to wife Elisabeth daughter of Aminadab sister of Naasson, and she bore to him both Nadab and Abiud, and Eleazar and Ithamar.
24 And the sons of Core, Asir, and Elkana, and Abiasar, these are the generations of Core.
25 And Eleazar the son of Aaron took to himself for a wife [one] of the daughters of Phutiel, and she bore to him Phinees. These are the heads of the family of the Levites, according to their generations.
26 This is Aaron and Moses, whom God told to bring out the children of Israel out of the land of Egypt with their forces.
27 These are they that spoke with Pharao king of Egypt, and Aaron himself and Moses brought out the children of Israel from the land of Egypt,
28 in the day in which the Lord spoke to Moses in the land of Egypt;
29 then the Lord spoke to Moses, saying, I am the Lord: speak to Pharao king of Egypt whatsoever I say to thee.
30 And Moses said before the Lord, Behold, I am not able in speech, and how shall Pharao hearken to me?

vul1914 (vul1914) - Vulgate 1914 UTF-8 (sacredbible.org)

1 Dixitque Dominus ad Moysen: Nunc videbis quæ facturus sim Pharaoni: per manum enim fortem dimittet eos, et in manu robusta eiiciet illos de terra sua.
2 Locutusque est Dominus ad Moysen dicens: Ego Dominus
3 qui apparui Abraham, Isaac, et Iacob in Deo omnipotente: et nomen meum ADONAI non indicavi eis.
4 Pepigique fœdus cum eis, ut darem eis Terram Chanaan, terram peregrinationis eorum, in qua fuerunt advenæ.
5 Ego audivi gemitum filiorum Israel, quo Ægyptii oppresserunt eos: et recordatus sum pacti mei.
6 Ideo dic filiis Israel: Ego Dominus qui educam vos de ergastulo Ægyptiorum, et eruam de servitute: ac redimam in brachio excelso, et iudiciis magnis.
7 Et assumam vos mihi in populum, et ero vester Deus: et scietis quod ego sum Dominus Deus vester qui eduxerim vos de ergastulo Ægyptiorum:
8 et induxerim in terram, super quam levavi manum meam ut darem eam Abraham, Isaac, et Iacob: daboque illam vobis possidendam, ego Dominus.
9 Narravit ergo Moyses omnia filiis Israel: qui non acquieverunt ei propter angustiam spiritus, et opus durissimum.
10 Locutusque est Dominus ad Moysen, dicens:
11 Ingredere, et loquere ad Pharaonem regem Ægypti, ut dimittat filios Israel de terra sua.
12 Respondit Moyses coram Domino: Ecce filii Israel non audiunt me: et quo modo audiet Pharao, præsertim cum incircumcisus sim labiis?
13 Locutusque est Dominus ad Moysen et Aaron, et dedit mandatum ad filios Israel, et ad Pharaonem regem Ægypti ut educerent filios Israel de terra Ægypti.
14 Isti sunt principes domorum per familias suas. Filii Ruben primogeniti Israelis: Henoch et Phallu, Hesron et Charmi.
15 hæ cognationes Ruben. Filii Simeon: Iamuel et Iamin, et Ahod, et Iachin, et Soar, et Saul filius Chananitidis: hæ progenies Simeon.
16 Et hæc nomina filiorum Levi per cognationes suas: Gerson et Caath et Merari. Anni autem vitæ Levi fuerunt centum triginta septem.
17 Filii Gerson: Lobni et Semei, per cognationes suas.
18 Filii Caath: Amram, et Isaar, et Hebron et Oziel. anni quoque vitæ Caath, centum triginta tres.
19 Filii Merari: Moholi et Musi. hæ cognationes Levi per familias suas.
20 Accepit autem Amram uxorem Iochabed patruelem suam: quæ peperit ei Aaron et Moysen. Fueruntque anni vitæ Amram, centum triginta septem.
21 Filii quoque Isaar: Core, et Nepheg, et Zechri.
22 Filii quoque Oziel: Misael, et Elisaphan et Sethri.
23 Accepit autem Aaron uxorem Elisabeth filiam Aminadab, sororem Nahason, quæ peperit ei Nadab, et Abiu, et Eleazar, et Ithamar.
24 Filii quoque Core: Aser, et Elcana, et Abiasaph. hæ sunt cognationes Coritarum.
25 At vero Eleazar filius Aaron accepit uxorem de filiabus Phutiel: quæ peperit ei Phinees. hi sunt principes familiarum Leviticarum per cognationes suas.
26 Iste est Aaron et Moyses, quibus præcepit Dominus ut educerent filios Israel de Terra Ægypti per turmas suas.
27 Hi sunt, qui loquuntur ad Pharaonem regem Ægypti, ut educant filios Israel de Ægypto: iste est Moyses et Aaron,
28 in die qua locutus est Dominus ad Moysen, in Terra Ægypti.
29 Et locutus est Dominus ad Moysen, dicens: Ego Dominus: loquere ad Pharaonem regem Ægypti, omnia quæ ego loquor tibi.
30 Et ait Moyses coram Domino: En incircumcisus labiis sum, quo modo audiet me Pharao?

web (web) - WorldEnglish.Bible — CC0 modern update of ASV

1 The LORD said to Moses, “Now you shall see what I will do to Pharaoh, for by a strong hand he shall let them go, and by a strong hand he shall drive them out of his land.”
2 God spoke to Moses, and said to him, “I am the LORD.
3 I appeared to Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob, as God Almighty; but by my name the LORD I was not known to them.
4 I have also established my covenant with them, to give them the land of Canaan, the land of their travels, in which they lived as aliens.
5 Moreover I have heard the groaning of the children of Israel, whom the Egyptians keep in bondage, and I have remembered my covenant.
6 Therefore tell the children of Israel, ‘I am the LORD, and I will bring you out from under the burdens of the Egyptians, and I will rid you out of their bondage, and I will redeem you with an outstretched arm, and with great judgments.
7 I will take you to myself for a people. I will be your God; and you shall know that I am the LORD your God, who brings you out from under the burdens of the Egyptians.
8 I will bring you into the land which I swore to give to Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob; and I will give it to you for a heritage: I am the LORD.’”
9 Moses spoke so to the children of Israel, but they didn’t listen to Moses for anguish of spirit, and for cruel bondage.
10 The LORD spoke to Moses, saying,
11 “Go in, speak to Pharaoh king of Egypt, that he let the children of Israel go out of his land.”
12 Moses spoke before the LORD, saying, “Behold, the children of Israel haven’t listened to me. How then shall Pharaoh listen to me, when I have uncircumcised lips?”
13 The LORD spoke to Moses and to Aaron, and gave them a command to the children of Israel, and to Pharaoh king of Egypt, to bring the children of Israel out of the land of Egypt.
14 These are the heads of their fathers’ houses. The sons of Reuben the firstborn of Israel: Hanoch, and Pallu, Hezron, and Carmi; these are the families of Reuben.
15 The sons of Simeon: Jemuel, and Jamin, and Ohad, and Jachin, and Zohar, and Shaul the son of a Canaanite woman; these are the families of Simeon.
16 These are the names of the sons of Levi according to their generations: Gershon, and Kohath, and Merari; and the years of the life of Levi were one hundred thirty-seven years.
17 The sons of Gershon: Libni and Shimei, according to their families.
18 The sons of Kohath: Amram, and Izhar, and Hebron, and Uzziel; and the years of the life of Kohath were one hundred thirty-three years.
19 The sons of Merari: Mahli and Mushi. These are the families of the Levites according to their generations.
20 Amram took Jochebed his father’s sister to himself as wife; and she bore him Aaron and Moses. The years of the life of Amram were one hundred thirty-seven years.
21 The sons of Izhar: Korah, and Nepheg, and Zichri.
22 The sons of Uzziel: Mishael, Elzaphan, and Sithri.
23 Aaron took Elisheba, the daughter of Amminadab, the sister of Nahshon, as his wife; and she bore him Nadab and Abihu, Eleazar and Ithamar.
24 The sons of Korah: Assir, Elkanah, and Abiasaph; these are the families of the Korahites.
25 Eleazar Aaron’s son took one of the daughters of Putiel as his wife; and she bore him Phinehas. These are the heads of the fathers’ houses of the Levites according to their families.
26 These are that Aaron and Moses to whom the LORD said, “Bring out the children of Israel from the land of Egypt according to their armies.”
27 These are those who spoke to Pharaoh king of Egypt, to bring out the children of Israel from Egypt. These are that Moses and Aaron.
28 On the day when the LORD spoke to Moses in the land of Egypt,
29 The LORD said to Moses, “I am the LORD. Tell Pharaoh king of Egypt all that I tell you.”
30 Moses said before the LORD, “Behold, I am of uncircumcised lips, and how shall Pharaoh listen to me?”

ylt (ylt) - Bible.com YLT98 plain UTF-8

1 And Jehovah saith unto Moses, `Now dost thou see that which I do to Pharaoh, for with a strong hand he doth send them away, yea, with a strong hand he doth cast them out of his land.'
2 And God speaketh unto Moses, and saith unto him, `I <FI>am<Fi> Jehovah,
3 and I appear unto Abraham, unto Isaac, and unto Jacob, as God Almighty; as to My name Jehovah, I have not been known to them;
4 and also I have established My covenant with them, to give to them the land of Canaan, the land of their sojournings, wherein they have sojourned;
5 and also I have heard the groaning of the sons of Israel, whom the Egyptians are causing to serve, and I remember My covenant.
6 `Therefore say to the sons of Israel, I <FI>am<Fi> Jehovah, and I have brought you out from under the burdens of the Egyptians, and have delivered you from their service, and have redeemed you by a stretched-out arm, and by great judgments,
7 and have taken you to Me for a people, and I have been to you for God, and ye have known that I <FI>am<Fi> Jehovah your God, who is bringing you out from under the burdens of the Egyptians;
8 and I have brought you in unto the land which I have lifted up My hand to give it to Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob, and have given it to you--a possession; I <FI>am<Fi> Jehovah.'
9 And Moses speaketh so unto the sons of Israel, and they hearkened not unto Moses, for anguish of spirit, and for harsh service.
10 And Jehovah speaketh unto Moses, saying,
11 `Go in, speak unto Pharaoh king of Egypt, and he doth send the sons of Israel out of his land;
12 and Moses speaketh before Jehovah, saying, `Lo, the sons of Israel have not hearkened unto me, and how doth Pharaoh hear me, and I of uncircumcised lips?'
13 And Jehovah speaketh unto Moses, and unto Aaron, and chargeth them for the sons of Israel, and for Pharaoh king of Egypt, to bring out the sons of Israel from the land of Egypt.
14 These <FI>are<Fi> heads of the house of their fathers: Sons of Reuben first-born of Israel <FI>are<Fi> Hanoch, and Phallu, Hezron, and Carmi: these <FI>are<Fi> families of Reuben.
15 And sons of Simeon <FI>are<Fi> Jemuel, and Jamin, and Ohad, and Jachin, and Zohar, and Shaul, son of the Canaanitess: these <FI>are<Fi> families of Simeon.
16 And these <FI>are<Fi> the names of the sons of Levi, as to their births: Gershon, and Kohath, and Merari: and the years of the life of Levi <FI>are<Fi> a hundred and thirty and seven years.
17 The sons of Gershon <FI>are<Fi> Libni, and Shimi, as to their families.
18 And the sons of Kohath <FI>are<Fi> Amram, and Izhar, and Hebron, and Uzziel: and the years of the life of Kohath <FI>are<Fi> a hundred and thirty and three years.
19 And the sons of Merari <FI>are<Fi> Mahli and Mushi: these <FI>are<Fi> families of Levi, as to their births.
20 And Amram taketh Jochebed his aunt to himself for a wife, and she beareth to him Aaron and Moses: and the years of the life of Amram <FI>are<Fi> a hundred and thirty and seven years.
21 And sons of Izhar <FI>are<Fi> Korah, and Nepheg, and Zichri.
22 And sons of Uzziel <FI>are<Fi> Mishael, and Elzaphan, and Sithri.
23 And Aaron taketh Elisheba daughter of Amminadab, sister of Naashon, to himself for a wife, and she beareth to him Nadab, and Abihu, Eleazar, and Ithamar.
24 And sons of Korah <FI>are<Fi> Assir, and Elkanah, and Abiasaph: these <FI>are<Fi> families of the Korhite.
25 And Eleazar, Aaron's son, hath taken to him <FI>one<Fi> of the daughters of Putiel for a wife to himself, and she beareth to him Phinehas: these <FI>are<Fi> heads of the fathers of the Levites, as to their families.
26 This <FI>is<Fi> Aaron--and Moses--to whom Jehovah said, `Bring ye out the sons of Israel from the land of Egypt, by their hosts;'
27 these are they who are speaking unto Pharaoh king of Egypt, to bring out the sons of Israel from Egypt, this <FI>is<Fi> Moses--and Aaron.
28 And it cometh to pass in the day of Jehovah's speaking unto Moses in the land of Egypt,
29 that Jehovah speaketh unto Moses, saying, `I <FI>am<Fi> Jehovah, speak unto Pharaoh king of Egypt all that I am speaking unto thee.'
30 And Moses saith before Jehovah, `Lo, I <FI>am<Fi> of uncircumcised lips, and how doth Pharaoh hearken unto me?'

Explanations by Age Level

Explain Like I'm 5

A long, long time ago, there was nothing at all - no earth, no sky, no animals, no people. It was all dark and empty. But God was there! God is so powerful that He can make anything just by speaking. So God said "Let there be light!" and BOOM! There was light everywhere! God saw that the light was beautiful and good. He called the light "day" and the darkness "night." This was the very first day when God started making our wonderful world!

Explain Like I'm 10

Before anything existed - no planets, stars, or life - God decided to create the universe. The earth started out as a dark, empty place covered with water. But God's Spirit was there, ready to bring order and beauty to everything. When God spoke and said "Let there be light," light immediately appeared because God's words have incredible power. God looked at the light and was pleased with what He had made. He organized time by separating light (day) from darkness (night), creating the first 24-hour period. This shows us that God is organized and purposeful in everything He does.

Explain Like I'm 15

Genesis 1:1-5 establishes fundamental theological truths about God and creation. The Hebrew word "bara" (created) indicates creation from nothing (ex nihilo), demonstrating God's absolute sovereignty and power. The phrase "without form and void" (tohu wa-bohu) describes a state of chaos that God transforms into order. The Spirit of God "hovering" or "brooding" over the waters suggests active, caring involvement in creation. The creation of light before the sun (created on day 4) indicates that God Himself is the ultimate source of light and energy. The establishment of day and night creates the framework of time, showing that God operates within orderly patterns while transcending them. This passage refutes both atheistic materialism and pantheism, establishing that God is both transcendent (separate from creation) and immanent (actively involved in it).