Exodus Chapter 18
Other Translations
asv (asv) - eBible.org engASV USFM
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and in the morning, then ye shall see the glory of Jehovah; for that he heareth your murmurings against Jehovah: and what are we, that ye murmur against us?
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And Moses said,
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This shall be, when Jehovah shall give you in the evening flesh to eat, and in the morning bread to the full; for that Jehovah heareth your murmurings which ye murmur against him: and what are we? your murmurings are not against us, but against Jehovah.
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And Moses said unto Aaron, Say unto all the congregation of the children of Israel, Come near before Jehovah; for he hath heard your murmurings.
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And it came to pass, as Aaron spake unto the whole congregation of the children of Israel, that they looked toward the wilderness, and, behold, the glory of Jehovah appeared in the cloud.
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And Jehovah spake unto Moses, saying,
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I have heard the murmurings of the children of Israel: speak unto them, saying, At even ye shall eat flesh, and in the morning ye shall be filled with bread: and ye shall know that I am Jehovah your God.
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And it came to pass at even, that the quails came up, and covered the camp: and in the morning the dew lay round about the camp.
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And when the dew that lay was gone up, behold, upon the face of the wilderness a small round thing, small as the hoar-frost on the ground.
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And when the children of Israel saw it, they said one to another, What is it? for they knew not what it was. And Moses said unto them, It is the bread which Jehovah hath given you to eat.
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This is the thing which Jehovah hath commanded, Gather ye of it every man according to his eating; an omer a head, according to the number of your persons, shall ye take it, every man for them that are in his tent.
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And the children of Israel did so, and gathered some more, some less.
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And when they measured it with an omer, he that gathered much had nothing over, and he that gathered little had no lack; they gathered every man according to his eating.
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And Moses said unto them, Let no man leave of it till the morning.
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Notwithstanding they hearkened not unto Moses; but some of them left of it until the morning, and it bred worms, and became foul: and Moses was wroth with them.
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And they gathered it morning by morning, every man according to his eating: and when the sun waxed hot, it melted.
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And it came to pass, that on the sixth day they gathered twice as much bread, two omers for each one: and all the rulers of the congregation came and told Moses.
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And he said unto them, This is that which Jehovah hath spoken, To-morrow is a solemn rest, a holy sabbath unto Jehovah: bake that which ye will bake, and boil that which ye will boil; and all that remaineth over lay up for you to be kept until the morning.
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And they laid it up till the morning, as Moses bade: and it did not become foul, neither was there any worm therein.
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And Moses said, Eat that to-day; for to-day is a sabbath unto Jehovah: to-day ye shall not find it in the field.
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Six days ye shall gather it; but on the seventh day is the sabbath, in it there shall be none.
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And it came to pass on the seventh day, that there went out some of the people to gather, and they found none.
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And Jehovah said unto Moses, How long refuse ye to keep my commandments and my laws?
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See, for that Jehovah hath given you the sabbath, therefore he giveth you on the sixth day the bread of two days; abide ye every man in his place, let no man go out of his place on the seventh day.
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So the people rested on the seventh day.
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And the house of Israel called the name thereof Manna: and it was like coriander seed, white; and the taste of it was like wafers
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made with honey.
darby (darby) - eBible.org Darby 1890 plaintext
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And Jethro the priest of Midian, Moses' father-in-law, heard of all thatGod had done to Moses, and to Israel his people; that Jehovah had brought Israel out of Egypt.
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And Jethro, Moses' father-in-law, took Zipporah, Moses' wife, after he had sent her back,
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and her two sons, of whom the name of the one was Gershom — for he said, I have been a sojourner in a foreign land,
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— and the name of the other, Eliezer — For theGod of my father has been my help, and has delivered me from the sword of Pharaoh.
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And Jethro, Moses' father-in-law, came to Moses with his sons and his wife into the wilderness, where he encamped at the mountain ofGod.
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And he sent word to Moses: I, thy father-in-law Jethro, am come to thee, and thy wife, and her two sons with her.
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And Moses went out to meet his father-in-law, and did obeisance, and kissed him; and they asked each other [after] their welfare, and went into the tent.
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And Moses told his father-in-law all that Jehovah had done to Pharaoh and to the Egyptians for Israel's sake; all the trouble that had befallen them on the way, and [how] Jehovah had delivered them.
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And Jethro rejoiced for all the goodness that Jehovah had done to Israel; that he had delivered them out of the hand of the Egyptians.
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And Jethro said, Blessed be Jehovah, who has delivered you out of the hand of the Egyptians, and out of the hand of Pharaoh; who has delivered the people from under the hand of the Egyptians.
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Now I know that Jehovah is greater than allgods; for in the thing in which they acted haughtily [he was] above them.
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And Jethro, Moses' father-in-law, took a burnt-offering and sacrifices forGod; and Aaron came, and all the elders of Israel, to eat bread with Moses' father-in-law in the presence ofGod.
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And it came to pass on the morrow, that Moses sat to judge the people; and the people stood by Moses from the morning to the evening.
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And Moses' father-in-law saw all that he did with the people, and said, What is this thing which thou art doing with the people? why dost thou sit alone, and all the people are standing by thee from morning to evening?
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And Moses said to his father-in-law, Because the people come to me to enquire ofGod.
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When they have a matter, they come to me, and I judge between one and another; and I make known [to them] the statutes ofGod, and his laws.
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And Moses' father-in-law said to him, The thing that thou art doing is not good.
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Thou wilt be quite exhausted, both thou and this people that is with thee; for the thing is too heavy for thee: thou canst not perform it alone.
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Hearken now to my voice: I will give thee counsel, andGod shall be with thee. Be thou for the people withGod, and bring the matters beforeGod;
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and teach them the statutes and the laws, and make known to them the way in which they must walk, and the work that they must do.
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But do thou provide among all the people able men, such as fearGod, men of truth, hating covetousness; and place [them] over them, chiefs of thousands, chiefs of hundreds, chiefs of fifties, and chiefs of tens,
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that they may judge the people at all times; and it shall be [that] they shall bring to thee every great matter, and that they shall judge every small matter, and they shall lighten [the task] on thee, and they shall bear [it] with thee.
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If thou do this thing, andGod command thee [so], thou wilt be able to endure, and all this people shall also go to their place in peace.
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And Moses hearkened to the voice of his father-in-law, and did all that he had said.
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And Moses chose able men out of all Israel, and made them heads over the people, chiefs of thousands, chiefs of hundreds, chiefs of fifties, and chiefs of tens.
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And they judged the people at all times: the hard matters they brought to Moses, but every small matter they judged.
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And Moses sent away his father-in-law, and he departed into his land.
lxxbrent (lxxbrent) - Septuagint (Brenton 1851) eBible USFM
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And Jothor the priest of Madiam, the father-in-law of Moses, heard of all that the Lord did to his people Israel; for the Lord brought Israel out of Egypt.
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And Jothor the father-in-law of Moses, took Sepphora the wife of Moses after she had been sent away,
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and her two sons: the name of the one was Gersam, [his father] saying, I was a sojourner in a strange land;—
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and the name of the second Eliezer, saying, For the God of my father [is] my helper, and he has rescued me out of the hand of Pharao.
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And Jothor the father-in-law of Moses, and his sons and his wife, went forth to Moses into the wilderness, where he encamped on the mount of God.
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And it was told Moses, saying, Behold, thy father-in-law Jothor is coming to thee, and thy wife and two sons with him.
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And Moses went forth to meet his father-in-law, and did him reverence, and kissed him, and they embraced each other, and he brought them into the tent.
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And Moses related to his father-in-law all things that the Lord did to Pharao and all the Egyptians for Israel's sake, and all the labour that had befallen them in the way, and that the Lord had rescued them out of the hand of Pharao, and out of the hand of the Egyptians.
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And Jothor was amazed at all the good things which the Lord did to them, forasmuch as he rescued them out of the hand of the Egyptians and out of the hand of Pharao.
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And Jothor said, Blessed be the Lord, because he has rescued them out of the hand of the Egyptians and out of the hand of Pharao.
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Now know I that the Lord is great above all gods, because of this, wherein they attacked them.
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And Jothor the father-in-law of Moses took whole burnt-offerings and sacrifices for God, for Aaron and all the elders of Israel came to eat bread with the father-in-law of Moses before God.
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And it came to pass after the morrow that Moses sat to judge the people, and all the people stood by Moses from morning till evening.
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And Jothor having seen all that [Moses] did to the people, says, What is this that thou doest to the people? wherefore sittest thou alone, and all the people stand by thee from morning till evening?
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And Moses says to his father-in-law, Because the people come to me to seek judgment from God.
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For whenever there is a dispute among them, and they come to me, I give judgment upon each, and I teach them the ordinances of God and his law.
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And the father-in-law of Moses said to him, Thou dost not this thing rightly,
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thou wilt wear away with intolerable weariness, both thou and all this people which is with thee: this thing is hard, thou wilt not be able to endure it thyself alone.
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Now then hearken to me, and I will advise thee, and God shall be with thee: be thou to the people in the things pertaining to God, and thou shalt bring their matters to God.
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And thou shalt testify to them the ordinances of God and his law, and thou shalt shew to them the ways in which they shall walk, and the works which they shall do.
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And do thou look out for thyself out of all the people able men, fearing God, righteous men, hating pride, and thou shalt set over the people captains of thousands and captains of hundreds, and captains of fifties, and captains of tens.
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And they shall judge the people at all times, and the too burdensome matter they shall bring to thee, but they shall judge the smaller cases; so they shall relieve thee and help thee.
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If thou wilt do this thing, God shall strengthen thee, and thou shalt be able to attend, and all this people shall come with peace into their own place.
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And Moses hearkened to the voice of his father-in-law, and did whatsoever he said to him.
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And Moses chose out able men out of all Israel, and he made them captains of thousands and captains of hundreds, and captains of fifties and captains of tens over the people.
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And they judged the people at all times; and every too burdensome matter they brought to Moses, but every light matter they judged themselves.
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And Moses dismissed his father-in-law, and he returned to his own land.
vul1914 (vul1914) - Vulgate 1914 UTF-8 (sacredbible.org)
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Cumque audisset Iethro, sacerdos Madian, cognatus Moysi, omnia quæ fecerat Deus Moysi, et Israeli populo suo, et quod eduxisset Dominus Israel de Ægypto:
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tulit Sephoram uxorem Moysi quam remiserat:
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et duos filios eius, quorum unus vocabatur Gersam, dicente patre: Advena fui in terra aliena.
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Alter vero Eliezer: Deus enim, ait, patris mei adiutor meus, et eruit me de gladio Pharaonis.
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Venit ergo Iethro cognatus Moysi, et filii eius, et uxor eius ad Moysen in desertum, ubi erat castrametatus iuxta montem Dei.
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Et mandavit Moysi, dicens: Ego Iethro cognatus tuus venio ad te, et uxor tua, et duo filii cum ea.
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Qui egressus in occursum cognati sui, adoravit, et osculatus est eum: salutaveruntque se mutuo verbis pacificis. Cumque intrasset tabernaculum,
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narravit Moyses cognato suo cuncta quæ fecerat Dominus Pharaoni, et Ægyptiis propter Israel: universumque laborem, qui accidisset eis in itinere, et quod liberaverat eos Dominus.
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Lætatusque est Iethro super omnibus bonis, quæ fecerat Dominus Israeli, eo quod eruisset eum de manu Ægyptiorum,
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et ait: Benedictus Dominus, qui liberavit vos de manu Ægyptiorum, et de manu Pharaonis, qui eruit populum suum de manu Ægypti.
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Nunc cognovi, quia magnus Dominus super omnes deos: eo quod superbe egerint contra illos.
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Obtulit ergo Iethro cognatus Moysi holocausta et hostias Deo: veneruntque Aaron et omnes seniores Israel, ut comederent panem cum eo coram Deo.
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Altera autem die sedit Moyses ut iudicaret populum, qui assistebat Moysi a mane usque ad vesperam.
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Quod cum vidisset cognatus eius, omnia scilicet quæ agebat in populo, ait: Quid est hoc quod facis in plebe? cur solus sedes, et omnis populus præstolatur de mane usque ad vesperam?
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Cui respondit Moyses: Venit ad me populus quærens sententiam Dei.
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Cumque acciderit eis aliqua disceptatio, veniunt ad me ut iudicem inter eos, et ostendam præcepta Dei, et leges eius.
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At ille: Non bonam, inquit, rem facis:
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stulto labore consumeris et tu, et populus iste qui tecum est: ultra vires tuas est negotium, solus illud non poteris sustinere.
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Sed audi verba mea atque consilia, et erit Deus tecum. Esto tu populo in his quæ ad Deum pertinent, ut referas quæ dicuntur ad eum:
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ostendasque populo ceremonias et ritum colendi, viamque per quam ingredi debeant, et opus quod facere debeant.
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Provide autem de omni plebe viros potentes, et timentes Deum, in quibus sit veritas, et qui oderint avaritiam, et constitue ex eis tribunos, et centuriones, et quinquagenarios, et decanos
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qui iudicent populum omni tempore: quidquid autem maius fuerit, referant ad te, et ipsi minora tantummodo iudicent: leviusque sit tibi, partito in alios onere.
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Si hoc feceris, implebis imperium Dei, et præcepta eius poteris sustentare: et omnis hic populus revertetur ad loca sua cum pace.
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Quibus auditis, Moyses fecit omnia quæ ille suggesserat.
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Et electis viris strenuis de cuncto Israel, constituit eos principes populi, tribunos, et centuriones, et quinquagenarios, et decanos.
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Qui iudicabant plebem omni tempore: quidquid autem gravius erat, referebant ad eum, faciliora tantummodo iudicantes.
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Dimisitque cognatum suum: qui reversus abiit in terram suam.
web (web) - WorldEnglish.Bible — CC0 modern update of ASV
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Now Jethro, the priest of Midian, Moses’ father-in-law, heard of all that God had done for Moses and for Israel his people, how the LORD had brought Israel out of Egypt.
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Jethro, Moses’ father-in-law, received Zipporah, Moses’ wife, after he had sent her away,
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and her two sons. The name of one son was Gershom, for Moses said, “I have lived as a foreigner in a foreign land”.
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The name of the other was Eliezer, for he said, “My father’s God was my help and delivered me from Pharaoh’s sword.”
5
Jethro, Moses’ father-in-law, came with Moses’ sons and his wife to Moses into the wilderness where he was encamped, at the Mountain of God.
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He said to Moses, “I, your father-in-law Jethro, have come to you with your wife, and her two sons with her.”
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Moses went out to meet his father-in-law, and bowed and kissed him. They asked each other of their welfare, and they came into the tent.
8
Moses told his father-in-law all that the LORD had done to Pharaoh and to the Egyptians for Israel’s sake, all the hardships that had come on them on the way, and how the LORD delivered them.
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Jethro rejoiced for all the goodness which the LORD had done to Israel, in that he had delivered them out of the hand of the Egyptians.
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Jethro said, “Blessed be the LORD, who has delivered you out of the hand of the Egyptians, and out of the hand of Pharaoh; who has delivered the people from under the hand of the Egyptians.
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Now I know that the LORD is greater than all gods because of the way that they treated people arrogantly.”
12
Jethro, Moses’ father-in-law, took a burnt offering and sacrifices for God. Aaron came with all the elders of Israel, to eat bread with Moses’ father-in-law before God.
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On the next day, Moses sat to judge the people, and the people stood around Moses from the morning to the evening.
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When Moses’ father-in-law saw all that he did to the people, he said, “What is this thing that you do for the people? Why do you sit alone, and all the people stand around you from morning to evening?”
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Moses said to his father-in-law, “Because the people come to me to inquire of God.
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When they have a matter, they come to me, and I judge between a man and his neighbor, and I make them know the statutes of God, and his laws.”
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Moses’ father-in-law said to him, “The thing that you do is not good.
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You will surely wear away, both you, and this people that is with you; for the thing is too heavy for you. You are not able to perform it yourself alone.
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Listen now to my voice. I will give you counsel, and God be with you. You represent the people before God, and bring the causes to God.
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You shall teach them the statutes and the laws, and shall show them the way in which they must walk, and the work that they must do.
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Moreover you shall provide out of all the people able men which fear God: men of truth, hating unjust gain; and place such over them, to be rulers of thousands, rulers of hundreds, rulers of fifties, and rulers of tens.
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Let them judge the people at all times. It shall be that every great matter they shall bring to you, but every small matter they shall judge themselves. So shall it be easier for you, and they shall share the load with you.
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If you will do this thing, and God commands you so, then you will be able to endure, and all these people also will go to their place in peace.”
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So Moses listened to the voice of his father-in-law, and did all that he had said.
25
Moses chose able men out of all Israel, and made them heads over the people, rulers of thousands, rulers of hundreds, rulers of fifties, and rulers of tens.
26
They judged the people at all times. They brought the hard cases to Moses, but every small matter they judged themselves.
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Moses let his father-in-law depart, and he went his way into his own land.
ylt (ylt) - Bible.com YLT98 plain UTF-8
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And Jethro priest of Midian, father-in-law of Moses, heareth all that God hath done for Moses, and for Israel his people, that Jehovah hath brought out Israel from Egypt,
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and Jethro, father-in-law of Moses, taketh Zipporah, wife of Moses, besides her parents,
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and her two sons, of whom the name of the one <FI>is<Fi> Gershom, for he said, `a sojourner I have been in a strange land:'
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and the name of the other <FI>is<Fi> Eliezer, for, `the God of my father <FI>is<Fi> for my help, and doth deliver me from the sword of Pharaoh.'
5
And Jethro, father-in-law of Moses, cometh, and his sons, and his wife, unto Moses, unto the wilderness where he is encamping--the mount of God;
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and he saith unto Moses, `I, thy father-in-law, Jethro, am coming unto thee, and thy wife, and her two sons with her.'
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And Moses goeth out to meet his father-in-law, and boweth himself, and kisseth him, and they ask one at another of welfare, and come into the tent;
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and Moses recounteth to his father-in-law all that Jehovah hath done to Pharaoh, and to the Egyptians, on account of Israel, all the travail which hath found them in the way, and Jehovah doth deliver them.
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And Jethro rejoiceth for all the good which Jehovah hath done to Israel, whom He hath delivered from the hand of the Egyptians;
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and Jethro saith, `Blessed <FI>is<Fi> Jehovah, who hath delivered you from the hand of the Egyptians, and from the hand of Pharaoh--who hath delivered this people from under the hand of the Egyptians;
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now I have known that Jehovah <FI>is<Fi> greater than all the gods, for in the thing they have acted proudly--<FI> He is<Fi> above them!'
12
And Jethro, father-in-law of Moses, taketh a burnt-offering and sacrifices for God; and Aaron cometh in, and all the elders of Israel, to eat bread with the father-in-law of Moses, before God.
13
And it cometh to pass on the morrow, that Moses sitteth to judge the people, and the people stand before Moses, from the morning unto the evening;
14
and the father-in-law of Moses seeth all that he is doing to the people, and saith, `What <FI>is<Fi> this thing which thou art doing to the people? wherefore art thou sitting by thyself, and all the people standing by thee from morning till evening?'
15
And Moses saith to his father-in-law, `Because the people come unto me to seek God;
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when they have a matter, it hath come unto me, and I have judged between a man and his neighbour, and made known the statutes of God, and His laws.'
17
And the father-in-law of Moses saith unto him, `The thing which thou art doing <FI>is<Fi> not good;
18
thou dost surely wear away, both thou, and this people which <FI>is<Fi> with thee, for the thing is too heavy for thee, thou art not able to do it by thyself.
19
`Now, hearken to my voice, I counsel thee, and God is with thee: be thou for the people over-against God, and thou hast brought in the things unto God;
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and thou hast warned them <FI>concerning<Fi> the statutes and the laws, and hast made known to them the way in which they go, and the work which they do.
21
`And thou--thou dost provide out of all the people men of ability, fearing God, men of truth, hating dishonest gain, and hast placed <FI>these<Fi> over them, heads of thousands, heads of hundreds, heads of fifties, and heads of tens,
22
and they have judged the people at all times; and it hath come to pass, every great matter they bring in unto thee, and every small matter they judge themselves; and lighten it from off thyself, and they have borne with thee.
23
If thou dost this thing, and God hath commanded thee, then thou hast been able to stand, and all this people also goeth in unto its place in peace.'
24
And Moses hearkeneth to the voice of his father-in-law, and doth all that he said,
25
and Moses chooseth men of ability out of all Israel, and maketh them chiefs over the people, heads of thousands, heads of hundreds, heads of fifties, and heads of tens,
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and they have judged the people at all times; the hard matter they bring in unto Moses, and every small matter they judge themselves.
27
And Moses sendeth his father-in-law away, and he goeth away unto his own land.
Explanations by Age Level
Explain Like I'm 5
A long, long time ago, there was nothing at all - no earth, no sky, no animals, no people. It was all dark and empty. But God was there! God is so powerful that He can make anything just by speaking. So God said "Let there be light!" and BOOM! There was light everywhere! God saw that the light was beautiful and good. He called the light "day" and the darkness "night." This was the very first day when God started making our wonderful world!
Explain Like I'm 10
Before anything existed - no planets, stars, or life - God decided to create the universe. The earth started out as a dark, empty place covered with water. But God's Spirit was there, ready to bring order and beauty to everything. When God spoke and said "Let there be light," light immediately appeared because God's words have incredible power. God looked at the light and was pleased with what He had made. He organized time by separating light (day) from darkness (night), creating the first 24-hour period. This shows us that God is organized and purposeful in everything He does.
Explain Like I'm 15
Genesis 1:1-5 establishes fundamental theological truths about God and creation. The Hebrew word "bara" (created) indicates creation from nothing (ex nihilo), demonstrating God's absolute sovereignty and power. The phrase "without form and void" (tohu wa-bohu) describes a state of chaos that God transforms into order. The Spirit of God "hovering" or "brooding" over the waters suggests active, caring involvement in creation. The creation of light before the sun (created on day 4) indicates that God Himself is the ultimate source of light and energy. The establishment of day and night creates the framework of time, showing that God operates within orderly patterns while transcending them. This passage refutes both atheistic materialism and pantheism, establishing that God is both transcendent (separate from creation) and immanent (actively involved in it).